جَاءَ أَبِي — My father came: abī is the nominative subject, with case not overt and possessive -ī as mudāf ilayh.
رَأَيْتُ أَخِي — I saw my brother: akhī is the accusative object.
سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى أَبِي — I greeted my father: abī is genitive after ʿalā.
Do not directly transfer the overt-letter case pattern abūka / abāka / abīka to the special speaker’s-yāʾ construction.
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Iḍāfah to Yāʾ al-Mutakallim and the Six Nouns
جَاءَ أَبِي — My father came: abī is the nominative subject, with case not overt and possessive -ī as mudāf ilayh.
رَأَيْتُ أَخِي — I saw my brother: akhī is the accusative object.
سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى أَبِي — I greeted my father: abī is genitive after ʿalā.
Do not directly transfer the overt-letter case pattern abūka / abāka / abīka to the special speaker’s-yāʾ construction.