هَذَا كِتَابِي — This is my book.
هَذَا is the demonstrative subject (mubtadaʾ).
كِتَابِي is its nominative predicate, with case not overtly visible, and is a mudāf.
-ي is a built-on attached pronoun in the genitive position, as mudāf ilayh.
“Genitive in position” for the pronoun must not be confused with the predicate’s nominative role.