A fiʿl maʿrūf (active verb) is a form in which the doer is identified or understood. The actor may appear as a separate noun or be encoded in the verb form itself.
ضَرَبَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا — Zayd struck ʿAmr.
Here ضَرَبَ is active, زَيْدٌ is the doer, and عَمْرًا is the person affected by the action.
In كَتَبْتُ, the ending already indicates “I”; a separate noun naming the doer is unnecessary.
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Active verb: the doer is expressed
Introduction to ʿIlm al-Ṣarf and Basic Terminology
A fiʿl maʿrūf (active verb) is a form in which the doer is identified or understood. The actor may appear as a separate noun or be encoded in the verb form itself.
ضَرَبَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا — Zayd struck ʿAmr.
Here ضَرَبَ is active, زَيْدٌ is the doer, and عَمْرًا is the person affected by the action.
In كَتَبْتُ, the ending already indicates “I”; a separate noun naming the doer is unnecessary.