A fiʿl mutaʿaddī (transitive verb) expresses an action that extends from the doer to a direct object. The doer and the affected participant must therefore be distinguished.
ضَرَبَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا — Zayd struck ʿAmr.
زَيْدٌ is the subject, عَمْرًا the object, and ضَرَبَ is transitive.
Unlike جَلَسَ زَيْدٌ, this construction presents an action directly affecting a second participant. That is the basic contrast between the two categories.
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Transitive verbs
Introduction to ʿIlm al-Ṣarf and Basic Terminology
A fiʿl mutaʿaddī (transitive verb) expresses an action that extends from the doer to a direct object. The doer and the affected participant must therefore be distinguished.
ضَرَبَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا — Zayd struck ʿAmr.
زَيْدٌ is the subject, عَمْرًا the object, and ضَرَبَ is transitive.
Unlike جَلَسَ زَيْدٌ, this construction presents an action directly affecting a second participant. That is the basic contrast between the two categories.