To identify maf'ul ma'ahu, follow the sentence rather than one visual clue.
1. Find the action and its doer.
2. Read the waw: does it mean and or with?
3. Check the noun after waw. In the taught accompaniment pattern, it is mansub.
4. State the roles explicitly: the first noun is the doer; the second names the companion.
Common mistake:
Not every noun after waw is automatically maf'ul ma'ahu. If two nouns share the same grammatical role, the waw joins them instead.