Visible case appears in the noun’s ending, as in زَيْدٌ، زَيْدًا، زَيْدٍ.
With estimated case, the noun remains inflected, but its case vowel is not externally expressed, as with الْعَصَا.
Key distinction: An unchanged spelling does not make a noun indeclinable. Its case is identified from its syntactic function.
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Noun Case Class 7 — Maqṣūr and Nouns with Possessive Yāʾ
Visible case appears in the noun’s ending, as in زَيْدٌ، زَيْدًا، زَيْدٍ.
With estimated case, the noun remains inflected, but its case vowel is not externally expressed, as with الْعَصَا.
Key distinction: An unchanged spelling does not make a noun indeclinable. Its case is identified from its syntactic function.