إِلَى غَيْرِ يَاءِ الْمُتَكَلِّمِ: the noun must not be in iḍāfa to the first-person possessive yāʾ (“my”).
أَبُوكَ، أَبَاكَ، أَبِيكَ: “your father,” where كَ allows the letter-based case signs to appear.
جَاءَ أَبِي، رَأَيْتُ أَبِي، مَرَرْتُ بِأَبِي.
Translation: My father came; I saw my father; I passed by my father.
The syntactic cases still differ, but with «أَبِي» the case endings are estimated/implicit; the yāʾ is not simply a genitive sign in every instance.
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Noun Case Classes: Type 4 — The Six Nouns
إِلَى غَيْرِ يَاءِ الْمُتَكَلِّمِ: the noun must not be in iḍāfa to the first-person possessive yāʾ (“my”).
أَبُوكَ، أَبَاكَ، أَبِيكَ: “your father,” where كَ allows the letter-based case signs to appear.
جَاءَ أَبِي، رَأَيْتُ أَبِي، مَرَرْتُ بِأَبِي.
Translation: My father came; I saw my father; I passed by my father.
The syntactic cases still differ, but with «أَبِي» the case endings are estimated/implicit; the yāʾ is not simply a genitive sign in every instance.