● After the two basic rules for the muḍāf, the muḍāf ilayh has one rule:
○ The muḍāf ilayh is always genitive (majrūr).
● Deciding definiteness and indefiniteness:
○ The muḍāf is not independently definite or indefinite; its status follows the muḍāf ilayh.
○ If the muḍāf ilayh is definite, the muḍāf is automatically treated as definite.
○ English uses words such as 'a,' 'any,' or 'some' to express an indefinite meaning, as in 'a traveller on a path' -> عَابِرُ سَبِيلٍ, where سَبِيلٍ is an indefinite muḍāf ilayh.
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The Case Rule for the Muḍāf Ilayh
Rules and Spelling Principles of the Iḍāfah
● After the two basic rules for the muḍāf, the muḍāf ilayh has one rule:
○ The muḍāf ilayh is always genitive (majrūr).
● Deciding definiteness and indefiniteness:
○ The muḍāf is not independently definite or indefinite; its status follows the muḍāf ilayh.
○ If the muḍāf ilayh is definite, the muḍāf is automatically treated as definite.
○ English uses words such as 'a,' 'any,' or 'some' to express an indefinite meaning, as in 'a traveller on a path' -> عَابِرُ سَبِيلٍ, where سَبِيلٍ is an indefinite muḍāf ilayh.