The doer is not named.
● يَكْتُبُ الطَّالِبُ الدَّرْسَ — The student writes the lesson. The doer is stated.
● يُكْتَبُ الدَّرْسُ — The lesson is written. The doer is not stated.
The former object الدَّرْسَ becomes the nominative نائب الفاعل: الدَّرْسُ. This applies the passive relationship already learned with the past tense.
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The doer is not named.
● يَكْتُبُ الطَّالِبُ الدَّرْسَ — The student writes the lesson. The doer is stated.
● يُكْتَبُ الدَّرْسُ — The lesson is written. The doer is not stated.
The former object الدَّرْسَ becomes the nominative نائب الفاعل: الدَّرْسُ. This applies the passive relationship already learned with the past tense.