جَاءَنِي رَجُلٌ عَالِمٌ — A learned man came to me.
جَاءَ: past verb.
نِي: protective nūn and attached first-person object pronoun, in accusative position.
رَجُلٌ: nominative subject, ḍammah.
عَالِمٌ: nominative direct adjective following rajulun.
The man himself possesses the quality.