• When an awthaq—a more reliable narrator—and a reliable narrator transmit opposing reports, the awthaq report is maḥfūẓ and the opposing reliable narrator's report is shādhdh.
• When a reliable narrator's report opposes a weak narrator's report, the reliable report is maʿrūf.
When naming a reliable narrator's report, the reliability of the opposing narrator matters.
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Maʿrūf: The reliable narrator's report against a weak report
• When an awthaq—a more reliable narrator—and a reliable narrator transmit opposing reports, the awthaq report is maḥfūẓ and the opposing reliable narrator's report is shādhdh.
• When a reliable narrator's report opposes a weak narrator's report, the reliable report is maʿrūf.
When naming a reliable narrator's report, the reliability of the opposing narrator matters.