Shādhdh and munkar also belong to the discussion of opposition to reliable reports. Their definitions have already appeared, so their full treatment is not repeated here.
The new distinction in this lesson is:
• Muḍṭarib: conflicting forms that cannot be reconciled or preferred.
• Taṣḥīf and taḥrīf: a change in reading that alters the transmitted form.
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Muḍṭarib, muṣaḥḥaf and muḥarraf
Shādhdh and munkar also belong to the discussion of opposition to reliable reports. Their definitions have already appeared, so their full treatment is not repeated here.
The new distinction in this lesson is:
• Muḍṭarib: conflicting forms that cannot be reconciled or preferred.
• Taṣḥīf and taḥrīf: a change in reading that alters the transmitted form.