إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُؤَيِّدُ: inna and lām add emphasis; yuʾayyidu is present tense.
مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ: “among the signs of the Hour,” including an iḍāfah.
إِنَّمَا شِفَاءُ الْعِيِّ السُّؤَالُ: innamā marks restriction; shifāʾu is the subject and as-suʾālu the predicate.
إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالْخَوَاتِيمِ: deeds are tied to their endings; bāʾ is a preposition.
رَوْضَةٌ ... أَوْ حُفْرَةٌ: two contrasting predicate expressions; aw means “or.”
The small grammar points should remain connected to meaning rather than become an exercise in memorizing every technical detail.