LessonsAnalogy: Original and New Cases, Common Cause, Co-variation and EliminationQuiz

Dawarān asks whether the proposed cause and judgment accompany one another across presence and absence. Its focus is patterned co-variation.

Sabr wa-taqsīm asks which of several plausible causes can account for the judgment. Its focus is enumerating, testing, and rejecting alternatives.

Both investigate relevance of the common feature. One emphasizes co-variation, while the other emphasizes elimination of competing explanations.

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Comparing the two causal methods

Analogy: Original and New Cases, Common Cause, Co-variation and Elimination

Dawarān asks whether the proposed cause and judgment accompany one another across presence and absence. Its focus is patterned co-variation.

Sabr wa-taqsīm asks which of several plausible causes can account for the judgment. Its focus is enumerating, testing, and rejecting alternatives.

Both investigate relevance of the common feature. One emphasizes co-variation, while the other emphasizes elimination of competing explanations.