LessonsConcepts: Particular and Universal, and Six Cases of UniversalsQuiz

The book gives “Zayd” and “ʿAmr” as examples of particular concepts. “Zayd” here means an already identified individual, not merely the sequence of letters in the name.

“Zayd”: one particular person.
“ʿAmr”: another particular person.
“Human”: a nature that can be shared by many individuals.

Two people can both be named Zayd. This does not make them numerically one individual. A shared written or spoken name is different from the specific identity intended whenever the name is used.

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Why Zayd and ʿAmr are particulars

Concepts: Particular and Universal, and Six Cases of Universals

The book gives “Zayd” and “ʿAmr” as examples of particular concepts. “Zayd” here means an already identified individual, not merely the sequence of letters in the name.

“Zayd”: one particular person.
“ʿAmr”: another particular person.
“Human”: a nature that can be shared by many individuals.

Two people can both be named Zayd. This does not make them numerically one individual. A shared written or spoken name is different from the specific identity intended whenever the name is used.