Step 1: Identify precisely the subject and predicate of each claim.
Step 2: Check identity of time, place, potentiality/actuality, condition, whole/part reference, and relational standpoint.
Step 3: Ask whether both statements could be true or both could be false in some permitted situation. If so, they are not genuine contradictories.
Contradiction is the affirmation and denial of exactly the same proposition in the same respects.
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A practical three-step test
Contradiction and the Eight Conditions
Step 1: Identify precisely the subject and predicate of each claim.
Step 2: Check identity of time, place, potentiality/actuality, condition, whole/part reference, and relational standpoint.
Step 3: Ask whether both statements could be true or both could be false in some permitted situation. If so, they are not genuine contradictories.
Contradiction is the affirmation and denial of exactly the same proposition in the same respects.