LessonsContraposition: Classical Rules, Validity and the Later ConventionQuiz

Under the later convention:

Original: Every human is an animal.
New subject: nonanimal.
New predicate: human.
Result: No nonanimal is human.

The original is universally affirmative; the result is universally negative. Thus quality is reversed, while the inference preserves truth.

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A positive example in the later convention

Contraposition: Classical Rules, Validity and the Later Convention

Under the later convention:

Original: Every human is an animal.
New subject: nonanimal.
New predicate: human.
Result: No nonanimal is human.

The original is universally affirmative; the result is universally negative. Thus quality is reversed, while the inference preserves truth.