العالم متغير
The world is subject to change.
Change refers to an alteration of state or condition. In this premise, being subject to change is predicated of the world; it forms the first premise of the textbook’s example.
Water cooling and a plant growing are ordinary instances of change. Whether these observations establish the exact proposition about the entire world is a separate inquiry.
For now, identify the subject and predicate without assuming that writing down the premise has proved it true.