كل إنسان حيوان، ولا شيء من الحجر بحيوان.
Every human is an animal, and no stone is an animal.
Minor: every human — animal.
Major: no stone — animal.
Conclusion: no human is a stone.
The middle, animal, is the predicate in both premises, so this is the second figure. Middle-term position identifies the figure; valid inference also requires suitable quantity and quality.
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Proof: Syllogism, Induction, Analogy and the Four Figures
كل إنسان حيوان، ولا شيء من الحجر بحيوان.
Every human is an animal, and no stone is an animal.
Minor: every human — animal.
Major: no stone — animal.
Conclusion: no human is a stone.
The middle, animal, is the predicate in both premises, so this is the second figure. Middle-term position identifies the figure; valid inference also requires suitable quantity and quality.