LessonsSix Kinds of Signification and the Three Modes of Verbal ConventionQuiz

Combining two kinds of signs with three kinds of connection yields six forms of signification.

1. Verbal conventional: “Zayd” indicates the person so named.
2. Verbal natural: an involuntary “akh, akh” expresses pain.
3. Verbal rational: a word heard behind a wall indicates a speaker.
4. Nonverbal conventional: an agreed flag or signal indicates a message.
5. Nonverbal natural: a horse's neigh indicates a natural need.
6. Nonverbal rational: smoke indicates fire.

This follows the main text's sixfold scheme. The commentary calls the enumeration inductive and reports a disagreement attributed to Sayyid al-Sanad about counting nonverbal natural signification separately.

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The six kinds in one comparison

Six Kinds of Signification and the Three Modes of Verbal Convention

Combining two kinds of signs with three kinds of connection yields six forms of signification.

1. Verbal conventional: “Zayd” indicates the person so named.
2. Verbal natural: an involuntary “akh, akh” expresses pain.
3. Verbal rational: a word heard behind a wall indicates a speaker.
4. Nonverbal conventional: an agreed flag or signal indicates a message.
5. Nonverbal natural: a horse's neigh indicates a natural need.
6. Nonverbal rational: smoke indicates fire.

This follows the main text's sixfold scheme. The commentary calls the enumeration inductive and reports a disagreement attributed to Sayyid al-Sanad about counting nonverbal natural signification separately.