Fāʾ uses the lower lip with upper teeth, while several forms of bāʾ, mīm, and wāw depend on the two lips. The nasal passage supplies ghunnah resonance; the oral cavity is discussed in relation to elongation letters.
Compare فَ — بَ — مَ and observe the lips.
Then read إِنَّ — ثُمَّ to identify ghunnah in doubled nūn and mīm.
Finally, notice the elongation sounds in قَالَ — قِيلَ — يَقُولُ. Ghunnah is not a new written letter; nor does every occurrence of wāw or yāʾ automatically function as a madd letter.
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Lips, nasal passage, and oral cavity
Comprehensive Revision — Applying Tajwīd Rules
Fāʾ uses the lower lip with upper teeth, while several forms of bāʾ, mīm, and wāw depend on the two lips. The nasal passage supplies ghunnah resonance; the oral cavity is discussed in relation to elongation letters.
Compare فَ — بَ — مَ and observe the lips.
Then read إِنَّ — ثُمَّ to identify ghunnah in doubled nūn and mīm.
Finally, notice the elongation sounds in قَالَ — قِيلَ — يَقُولُ. Ghunnah is not a new written letter; nor does every occurrence of wāw or yāʾ automatically function as a madd letter.