۞ أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ ٩
Sentence structure
أَ introduces a rebuking question; لَا negates يَعْلَمُ, whose subject is understood. إِذَا introduces the time clause; passive بُعْثِرَ has relative مَا as deputy subject, described by فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ.
Ayah summary
Does he not know that those in the graves will be brought out?
۞ أَفَلَا — Does he not then
Grammar: The opening sign is recitational; أَ interrogates, فَ links, and لَا negates.
يَعْلَمُ — know
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood subject.
إِذَا — when
Grammar: A future time adverb introducing the following time clause; that clause serves as the object of يَعْلَمُ.
بُعْثِرَ — is scattered out
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular passive perfect.
مَا — what is
Grammar: A relative noun serving as the passive subject of بُعْثِرَ; an omitted element occurs in its relative clause.
فِى — in
Grammar: A preposition governing the following noun; فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ is linked to an omitted element in the relative clause of مَا.
ٱلْقُبُورِ — the graves
Grammar: A defined masculine-plural genitive noun after فِى.