إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ يَعْلَمُ ٱلْجَهْرَ وَمَا يَخْفَىٰ
Sentence structure
إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ forms the exception: مَا is the excepted relative noun, شَآءَ its relative-clause verb, and ٱللَّهُ the subject. إِنَّهُۥ begins a new emphatic clause; يَعْلَمُ and its objects form the predicate.
Ayah summary
Only what Allah wills may be forgotten, and He knows every open and hidden matter.
إِلَّا — Except
Grammar: An exception particle introducing the exception from the preceding statement.
مَا — what
Grammar: A relative noun meaning 'that which', in the accusative position as the excepted element after إِلَّا.
شَآءَ — wills
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular perfect in the relative clause; its object is omitted.
ٱللَّهُ ۚ — Allah
Grammar: A proper noun functioning as the nominative subject of شَآءَ. The pause mark belongs to recitation, not the grammatical word.
إِنَّهُۥ — Indeed, He
Grammar: إِنَّ is an accusative/emphatic particle and attached هُۥ its third-person masculine-singular noun.
يَعْلَمُ — knows
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular indicative imperfect with understood subject هُوَ. Its verbal clause is the predicate of إِنَّ.
ٱلْجَهْرَ — the manifest
Grammar: ٱل is the definite article; جَهْرَ is a masculine-singular accusative object of يَعْلَمُ.
وَمَا — and what
Grammar: وَ coordinates; مَا is a relative noun coordinated with ٱلْجَهْرَ in the accusative position.
يَخْفَىٰ — is hidden
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular indicative imperfect in the relative clause, with understood subject هُوَ.