وَوَالِدٍۢ وَمَا وَلَدَ
Sentence structure
وَوَالِدٍ is coordinated as a genitive oath noun. وَمَا coordinates a relative noun, and وَلَدَ is its relative-clause verb with understood subject هُوَ.
Ayah summary
And He swears by a parent and the offspring he begot.
وَوَالِدٍۢ — And the begetter
Grammar: وَ coordinates and serves in the oath sequence; وَالِدٍ is an indefinite genitive active participle/noun.
وَمَا — and what
Grammar: وَ coordinates and مَا is a relative pronoun whose clause follows.
وَلَدَ — he begot
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular perfect with understood subject هُوَ, forming the relative clause of مَا.