لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ فِى كَبَدٍ
Sentence structure
لَ emphasizes and قَدْ confirms the perfect خَلَقْنَا; attached نَا is its subject. ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ is the object, and فِى كَبَدٍ describes the state in which he was created.
Ayah summary
The human being was created amid hardship.
لَقَدْ — Certainly
Grammar: لَ is emphatic and قَدْ is a particle of certainty before the perfect.
خَلَقْنَا — We have created
Grammar: A first-person plural perfect; attached نَا is the subject.
ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ — man
Grammar: ٱل defines the masculine-singular accusative object of خَلَقْنَا. An omitted circumstantial element is associated with «ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ».
فِى — (to be) in
Grammar: A preposition governing the following noun and beginning a circumstantial phrase. This phrase is linked through an omitted element.
كَبَدٍ — hardship
Grammar: An indefinite masculine genitive noun governed by فِى.