Surah Al-Bayyinah — Part 2

Ayahs 6–8 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Al-Bayyinah — Part 2 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 6 — Part 1/2

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ فِى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ ۚ … Sentence structure إِنَّ governs relative ٱلَّذِينَ; كَفَرُوا۟ is its relative clause. فِى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ is the predicate phrase and خَـٰلِدِينَ an accusative circumstance with فِيهَآ. Ayah summary The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the polytheists will remain in Hell and are the worst of creation. إِنَّ — Indeed Grammar: An accusative particle of emphasis. ٱلَّذِينَ — those who Grammar: A masculine-plural relative noun, the noun of إِنَّ. كَفَرُوا۟ — disbelieved Grammar: A masculine-plural perfect; وا is subject, forming the relative clause. An omitted circumstantial element is associated with «كَفَرُوا۟». مِنْ — among Grammar: A preposition. This phrase is linked through an omitted element. أَهْلِ — people Grammar: A masculine genitive noun, annexed onward. ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ — of the Scripture Grammar: A defined masculine genitive complement. وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ — and the polytheists Grammar: A coordinated defined masculine-plural active participle, genitive. فِى — in Grammar: A preposition beginning the predicate phrase. نَارِ — the Fire Grammar: A feminine genitive noun, annexed onward. جَهَنَّمَ — of Hell Grammar: A proper noun, genitive as complement and diptote in form. خَـٰلِدِينَ — abiding Grammar: A masculine-plural active participle, accusative circumstance. فِيهَآ ۚ — therein Grammar: A preposition with feminine-singular genitive pronoun linked to خَـٰلِدِينَ.

2. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 6 — Part 2/2

أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمْ شَرُّ ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ ۝٦ Sentence structure أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ is a demonstrative subject; هُمْ emphasizes it. شَرُّ is nominative predicate, annexed to genitive ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ. Ayah summary The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the polytheists will remain in Hell and are the worst of creation. أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ — those Grammar: A plural demonstrative functioning as subject. هُمْ — they Grammar: A third-person plural detached pronoun emphasizing أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ. شَرُّ — the worst Grammar: A masculine nominative predicate, annexed onward. ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ — of creation Grammar: A defined feminine genitive complement of شَرُّ.

3. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 7

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ ۝٧ Sentence structure إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ opens the emphatic clause; ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ are its relative clause and ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ object. أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ forms the predicate statement. Ayah summary Those who believe and do righteous deeds are the best of creation. إِنَّ — Indeed Grammar: An accusative particle of emphasis. The clause introduced by «إِنَّ» has an omitted predicate. ٱلَّذِينَ — those who Grammar: A masculine-plural relative noun, the noun of إِنَّ. ءَامَنُوا۟ — believed Grammar: A Form IV masculine-plural perfect; attached وا is subject. وَعَمِلُوا۟ — and did Grammar: وَ coordinates; masculine-plural perfect with وا subject. ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ — righteous deeds Grammar: A defined feminine-plural accusative object of عَمِلُوا۟. أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ — those Grammar: A plural demonstrative functioning as subject. هُمْ — they Grammar: A third-person plural detached pronoun emphasizing the demonstrative. خَيْرُ — the best Grammar: A masculine nominative predicate, annexed onward. ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ — of creation Grammar: A defined feminine genitive complement of خَيْرُ.

4. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 8 — Part 1/3

جَزَآؤُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّـٰتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدًا ۖ … Sentence structure جَزَآؤُهُمْ is subject and جَنَّـٰتُ عَدْنٍ predicate. تَجْرِى is an adjectival clause whose subject is ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ. خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدًا is an accusative circumstance with time adverb. Ayah summary Those who fear their Lord will receive everlasting gardens where Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. جَزَآؤُهُمْ — their reward Grammar: A masculine nominative subject; attached هُمْ is possessive. عِندَ — with Grammar: An accusative locative adverb, annexed onward. This phrase is linked to «جَنَّـٰتُ». رَبِّهِمْ — their Lord Grammar: A masculine genitive complement; هِمْ is possessive. جَنَّـٰتُ — gardens Grammar: A feminine-plural nominative predicate, annexed onward. عَدْنٍۢ — of perpetual residence Grammar: A proper noun genitive complement of جَنَّـٰتُ. تَجْرِى — flow Grammar: A third-person feminine-singular imperfect forming an adjectival clause. مِن — from Grammar: A preposition. This phrase is linked to «تَجْرِى». تَحْتِهَا — beneath them Grammar: A genitive locative noun; attached هَا is possessive. ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ — the rivers Grammar: A defined plural nominative subject of تَجْرِى. خَـٰلِدِينَ — abiding Grammar: A masculine-plural active participle, accusative circumstance. فِيهَآ — therein Grammar: A preposition with feminine-singular genitive pronoun linked to خَـٰلِدِينَ. This phrase is linked to «خَـٰلِدِينَ». أَبَدًۭا ۖ — forever Grammar: An indefinite masculine accusative time adverb; the pause sign is not grammatical. This phrase is linked to «خَـٰلِدِينَ».

5. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 8 — Part 2/3

رَّضِىَ ٱللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا۟ عَنْهُ ۚ … Sentence structure رَّضِىَ is a perfect with ٱللَّهُ as subject and عَنْهُمْ linked to it. وَرَضُوا۟ is coordinated, with plural subject, and عَنْهُ links to it. Ayah summary Those who fear their Lord will receive everlasting gardens where Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. رَّضِىَ — was pleased Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular perfect. ٱللَّهُ — Allah Grammar: A proper noun functioning as nominative subject of رَّضِىَ. عَنْهُمْ — with them Grammar: عَنْ is a preposition and plural هُمْ genitive. This phrase is linked to «رَّضِىَ». وَرَضُوا۟ — and they were pleased Grammar: وَ coordinates; masculine-plural perfect with وا subject. عَنْهُ ۚ — with Him Grammar: عَنْ is a preposition and masculine-singular هُ genitive. This phrase is linked to «رَضُوا۟».

6. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 8 — Part 3/3

ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ رَبَّهُۥ ۝٨ Sentence structure ذَٰلِكَ is a demonstrative subject. لِمَنْ is its predicate phrase; خَشِىَ is the relative clause and رَبَّهُۥ its object with possessive هُ. Ayah summary Those who fear their Lord will receive everlasting gardens where Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. ذَٰلِكَ — That Grammar: A masculine-singular demonstrative functioning as subject. لِمَنْ — for whoever Grammar: لِ is a preposition and relative مَنْ genitive; the phrase is predicate. خَشِىَ — fears Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular perfect with understood subject, forming the relative clause. رَبَّهُۥ — his Lord Grammar: A masculine accusative object; attached هُ is possessive.

Practice questions

Question 1

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ فِى نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ ۚ … What is the role of خَـٰلِدِينَ?

  • Accusative circumstance
  • Nominative subject
  • Genitive adjective
  • Direct object

Question 2

أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمْ شَرُّ ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ ۝٦ What is the role of شَرُّ?

  • Object
  • Nominative predicate
  • Subject
  • Adjective

Question 3

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ ٱلْبَرِيَّةِ ۝٧ What is the role of ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ after عَمِلُوا۟?

  • Subject
  • Predicate
  • Accusative object
  • Genitive noun

Question 4

جَزَآؤُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّـٰتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدًا ۖ … What is the role of ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ with تَجْرِى?

  • Object
  • Adjective
  • Predicate
  • Nominative subject

Question 5

رَّضِىَ ٱللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا۟ عَنْهُ ۚ … Who is the subject of رَّضِىَ?

  • ٱللَّهُ
  • Attached هُمْ
  • ذَٰلِكَ
  • An understood pronoun

Question 6

ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ رَبَّهُۥ ۝٨ What is the role of رَبَّهُۥ with خَشِىَ?

  • Subject
  • Accusative object
  • Predicate
  • Genitive noun

Open the interactive quiz