وَجِا۟ىٓءَ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ
Sentence structure
وَجِا۟ىٓءَ is a passive perfect, with بِجَهَنَّمَ attached to it. يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ is a verbal clause with an explicit subject; وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ asks how remembrance could then benefit him.
Ayah summary
Hell will be brought forward, and then a person will understand, but that understanding will be of no use.
وَجِا۟ىٓءَ — And is brought
Grammar: وَ coordinates; جِا۟ىٓءَ is a third-person masculine-singular passive perfect.
يَوْمَئِذٍۭ — that Day
Grammar: يَوْمَ is an accusative time adverb; إِذٍ is annexed to it, with tanwīn compensating for the omitted clause. This phrase is linked to «جِا۟ىٓءَ».
بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ — Hell
Grammar: بِ is a preposition; جَهَنَّمَ is a diptote proper noun governed in the genitive and therefore marked with fatḥah.
يَوْمَئِذٍۢ — That Day
Grammar: يَوْمَ is an accusative time adverb linked to يَتَذَكَّرُ; إِذٍ is its genitive complement.
يَتَذَكَّرُ — will remember
Grammar: A Form V third-person masculine-singular indicative imperfect.
ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ — man
Grammar: ٱل defines the masculine-singular nominative subject of يَتَذَكَّرُ.
وَأَنَّىٰ — but how
Grammar: وَ resumes and أَنَّىٰ is an interrogative adverb asking how/whence. This phrase is linked through an omitted element.
لَهُ — (will be) for him
Grammar: لِ is a preposition and attached هُ a masculine-singular pronoun in the genitive position. This phrase is linked through an omitted element.
ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ — the remembrance
Grammar: ٱل defines the feminine-singular nominative noun in the interrogative nominal clause. An omitted predicate is associated with «ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ».