وَٱلْقَمَرِ إِذَا ٱتَّسَقَ
Sentence structure
وَٱلْقَمَرِ is another coordinated genitive oath noun. إِذَا introduces the time clause ٱتَّسَقَ; the latter is a Form VIII perfect with an understood subject referring to the moon.
Ayah summary
An oath is sworn by the moon when it becomes full.
وَٱلْقَمَرِ — And the moon
Grammar: وَ coordinates, ٱل is the definite article, and قَمَرِ is a genitive coordinated oath noun.
إِذَا — when
Grammar: A time adverb introducing the clause ٱتَّسَقَ; its exact wider attachment is not made a quiz fact.
ٱتَّسَقَ — it becomes full
Grammar: A Form VIII third-person masculine-singular perfect in the time clause, with an understood subject referring to the moon.