إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ لَا يَرْجُونَ حِسَابًا
Sentence structure
إِنَّ emphasizes the reason for the recompense. Its noun is هُمْ, and كَانُوا۟ لَا يَرْجُونَ حِسَابًا is its predicate clause. Within it, the negative verbal clause is the predicate of كَانُوا۟.
إِنَّهُمْ — indeed they
Grammar: إِنَّ is a particle of emphasis. The attached هُمْ is a third-person masculine plural pronoun in the accusative position as its noun.
كَانُوا۟ — they were
Grammar: A third-person masculine plural perfect deficient verb. Its final “و” is wāw al-jamāʿah: an attached pronoun in the nominative position as its noun; the following verbal clause is its predicate. The written “ا” after the wāw is alif al-fāriqah and is not pronounced.
لَا — not
Grammar: A particle of negation that leaves the following imperfect verb indicative.
يَرْجُونَ — they expected
Grammar: A third-person masculine plural imperfect verb and one of the five verbs. “و” is wāw al-jamāʿah: an attached subject pronoun. The final “نَ” is the indicative nūn; its retention marks the verb as indicative.
حِسَابًۭا — an account
Grammar: An indefinite accusative masculine verbal noun and the object of يَرْجُونَ.