Surah An-Nasr — Part 1

Ayahs 1–3 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah An-Nasr — Part 1 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Surah An-Nasr · Ayah 1

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْفَتْحُ ۝١ Sentence structure Temporal expression إِذَا carries conditional meaning, and جَآءَ نَصْرُ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْفَتْحُ begins its condition sequence. نَصْرُ is the subject of جَآءَ, while وَٱلْفَتْحُ is coordinated with it. Ayah summary When Allah’s help and the decisive victory come. إِذَا — When Grammar: A future-time adverb carrying conditional meaning; the following clause beginning with جَآءَ is its condition, whose result appears in ayah 3. جَآءَ — comes Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular perfect in the condition clause introduced by إِذَا. نَصْرُ — (the) Help Grammar: A masculine nominative noun serving as subject of جَآءَ and as the first term of an annexation. ٱللَّهِ — (of) Allah Grammar: A genitive proper noun serving as the second term of the annexation after نَصْرُ. وَٱلْفَتْحُ — and the Victory Grammar: وَ coordinates; ٱلْ defines the masculine nominative noun فَتْحُ, which is coordinated with نَصْرُ.

2. Surah An-Nasr · Ayah 2

وَرَأَيْتَ ٱلنَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِى دِينِ ٱللَّهِ أَفْوَاجًا ۝٢ Sentence structure وَرَأَيْتَ continues the coordinated condition sequence. ٱلنَّاسَ is its object, يَدْخُلُونَ describes their state, فِى دِينِ ٱللَّهِ is linked to entering, and أَفْوَاجًا is accusative circumstantial expression. Ayah summary And you see people entering Allah’s religion in multitudes. وَرَأَيْتَ — And you see Grammar: وَ coordinates; رَأَيْتَ is a second-person masculine-singular perfect whose attached تَ is the subject. ٱلنَّاسَ — the people Grammar: A defined accusative noun serving as the object of رَأَيْتَ. يَدْخُلُونَ — entering Grammar: A third-person masculine-plural imperfect describing the people's state; its و is the visible subject and its final نَ is retained as the nominative marker of the five verbs. فِى — into Grammar: A preposition linked to يَدْخُلُونَ. دِينِ — (the) religion Grammar: A masculine genitive noun governed by فِى and serving as the first term of an annexation. ٱللَّهِ — (of) Allah Grammar: A genitive proper noun serving as the second term of the annexation after دِينِ. أَفْوَاجًۭا — (in) multitudes Grammar: An indefinite plural accusative circumstantial expression describing how they enter.

3. Surah An-Nasr · Ayah 3

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْهُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ تَوَّابًۢا ۝٣ Sentence structure Result particle فَ introduces the answer to the condition through imperative سَبِّحْ. وَٱسْتَغْفِرْهُ is coordinated with it. إِنَّهُۥ begins an emphatic clause, and كَانَ تَوَّابًا serves as its predicate clause. Ayah summary Then glorify your Lord with praise and seek His forgiveness; surely, He is ever accepting of repentance. فَسَبِّحْ — Then glorify Grammar: فَ marks the result and answer of the condition; سَبِّحْ is a Form II second-person masculine-singular imperative whose subject is the hidden pronoun «أَنْتَ». بِحَمْدِ — with (the) praises Grammar: Preposition بِ governs the masculine genitive noun حَمْدِ, which is linked to سَبِّحْ. رَبِّكَ — (of) your Lord Grammar: The masculine genitive noun رَبِّ is annexed to حَمْدِ; attached كَ is its second-person masculine-singular possessive. وَٱسْتَغْفِرْهُ ۚ — and ask His forgiveness Grammar: وَ coordinates; ٱسْتَغْفِرْ is a Form X second-person masculine-singular imperative whose subject is the hidden pronoun «أَنْتَ», and attached هُ is its direct object. إِنَّهُۥ — Indeed, He Grammar: Emphatic and accusative particle إِنَّ with attached third-person masculine-singular pronoun هُۥ serving as its subject noun. كَانَ — is Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular defective perfect whose noun is the hidden pronoun «هُوَ»; the clause beginning with it serves as the predicate of إِنَّ. تَوَّابًۢا — Oft-Returning Grammar: An indefinite masculine-singular accusative noun serving as the predicate of كَانَ.

Practice questions

Question 1

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْفَتْحُ ۝١ What is the role of نَصْرُ?

  • Nominative subject of جَآءَ
  • Accusative object
  • Genitive noun
  • Circumstantial expression

Question 2

وَرَأَيْتَ ٱلنَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِى دِينِ ٱللَّهِ أَفْوَاجًا ۝٢ What is the role of أَفْوَاجًا?

  • Nominative subject
  • Accusative circumstantial expression
  • Genitive complement
  • Imperative verb

Question 3

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْهُ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ تَوَّابًۢا ۝٣ What does فَ mark in فَسَبِّحْ?

  • A vocative
  • A genitive relation
  • The result and answer of the condition
  • An object pronoun

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