Ayahs 1–10 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah An-Nazi'at — Part 1 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.
Lesson
1. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 1
وَٱلنَّـٰزِعَـٰتِ غَرْقًا
Ayah summary
According to Tafsir Usmani, this is an oath by the angels who pull out the souls of disbelievers harshly.
Sentence structure
The opening oath begins with وَ. ٱلنَّـٰزِعَـٰتِ is the oath noun, and غَرْقًا intensifies the act of pulling out.
وَٱلنَّـٰزِعَـٰتِ — by those who pull out
Grammar: وَ is the preposition of oath. ٱلْ is the definite article, and نَّـٰزِعَـٰتِ is a feminine plural active participle, genitive after the oath wāw.
غَرْقًۭا — forcefully / to the utmost
Grammar: An indefinite accusative verbal noun functioning as مفعول مطلق for an understood verb from the same root, intensifying the pulling.
2. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 2
وَٱلنَّـٰشِطَـٰتِ نَشْطًا
Ayah summary
This is an oath by the angels who extract the souls of righteous people gently.
Sentence structure
This coordinated oath continues the opening series. ٱلنَّـٰشِطَـٰتِ is coordinated with the first oath noun, while نَشْطًا reinforces its action of drawing out readily.
وَٱلنَّـٰشِطَـٰتِ — and those who draw out gently
Grammar: وَ coordinates the oath. ٱلنَّـٰشِطَـٰتِ is a definite feminine plural active participle, genitive and coordinated with ٱلنَّـٰزِعَـٰتِ.
نَشْطًۭا — with a gentle drawing
Grammar: An indefinite accusative verbal noun functioning as مفعول مطلق for an understood verb of the same root.
3. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 3
وَٱلسَّـٰبِحَـٰتِ سَبْحًا
Ayah summary
The angels carry the souls toward the sky with great speed and ease.
Sentence structure
The oath series continues: ٱلسَّـٰبِحَـٰتِ is coordinated with the earlier oath nouns, and سَبْحًا emphasizes their swift gliding.
وَٱلسَّـٰبِحَـٰتِ — and those who glide swiftly
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. ٱلسَّـٰبِحَـٰتِ is a definite feminine plural active participle, genitive by coordination in the oath series.
سَبْحًۭا — with a swift gliding
Grammar: An indefinite accusative verbal noun used as مفعول مطلق for an understood verb of the same root.
4. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 4
فَٱلسَّـٰبِقَـٰتِ سَبْقًا
Ayah summary
They then hasten to carry out the command given concerning those souls.
Sentence structure
فَ advances the ordered oath sequence. ٱلسَّـٰبِقَـٰتِ remains coordinated in the oath, and سَبْقًا emphasizes the act of outstripping.
فَٱلسَّـٰبِقَـٰتِ — then those who race ahead
Grammar: فَ is a conjunction expressing sequence. ٱلسَّـٰبِقَـٰتِ is a definite feminine plural active participle, genitive by coordination.
سَبْقًۭا — with a decisive advance
Grammar: An indefinite accusative verbal noun functioning as مفعول مطلق for an understood verb of the same root.
5. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 5
فَٱلْمُدَبِّرَٰتِ أَمْرًا
Ayah summary
By Allah’s command, the angels arrange the affairs relating to those souls.
Sentence structure
The final oath phrase is coordinated by فَ. ٱلْمُدَبِّرَٰتِ is the coordinated oath noun, and أَمْرًا is its object. The response to the oath is not explicitly stated in these ayahs.
فَٱلْمُدَبِّرَٰتِ — then those who arrange affairs
Grammar: فَ expresses sequence. ٱلْمُدَبِّرَٰتِ is a definite feminine plural form II active participle, genitive by coordination in the oath series.
أَمْرًۭا — a matter / command
Grammar: An indefinite masculine accusative noun and the object of the active participle ٱلْمُدَبِّرَٰتِ.
6. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 6
يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ
Ayah summary
When the Trumpet is blown the first time, the earth will be violently shaken.
Sentence structure
يَوْمَ is a time adverb. The clause تَرْجُفُ ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ follows it in the genitive position as its annexed clause; تَرْجُفُ is the verb and ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ its explicit subject.
يَوْمَ — on the Day when
Grammar: An accusative adverb of time and مضاف, linked to an understood governing expression.
تَرْجُفُ — will quake
Grammar: A third-person feminine singular imperfect verb in the indicative mood. Its explicit subject follows.
ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ — the great convulsion
Grammar: A definite feminine singular nominative active participle used substantivally and functioning as the subject of تَرْجُفُ.
7. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 7
تَتْبَعُهَا ٱلرَّادِفَةُ
Ayah summary
The second blowing of the Trumpet will follow it.
Sentence structure
تَتْبَعُ is the verb, attached هَا its object referring back to ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ, and ٱلرَّادِفَةُ the explicit subject.
تَتْبَعُهَا — will follow it
Grammar: A third-person feminine singular imperfect verb. Attached هَا is a feminine singular object pronoun referring back to ٱلرَّاجِفَةُ.
ٱلرَّادِفَةُ — the following convulsion
Grammar: A definite feminine singular nominative active participle used substantivally and functioning as the subject of تَتْبَعُ.
8. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 8
قُلُوبٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَاجِفَةٌ
Ayah summary
On that day, many hearts will tremble with fear and anxiety.
Sentence structure
This is a nominal sentence. قُلُوبٌ is the subject, وَاجِفَةٌ describes it as trembling and serves as its adjective within the wider cross-ayah structure, while يَوْمَئِذٍ specifies the time.
قُلُوبٌۭ — hearts
Grammar: An indefinite feminine broken plural in the nominative, forming the subject of the description.
يَوْمَئِذٍۢ — that Day
Grammar: An adverb of time: يَوْمَ is مضاف and إِذٍ is in the genitive position as its annexed element.
وَاجِفَةٌ — trembling
Grammar: An indefinite feminine singular nominative active participle. It describes the non-human plural قُلُوبٌ and agrees with it as feminine singular.
9. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 9
أَبْصَـٰرُهَا خَـٰشِعَةٌ
Ayah summary
Their eyes will be lowered because of humiliation and regret.
Sentence structure
This nominal clause completes the description of those hearts. أَبْصَـٰرُهَا is a subject-predicate link in the wider structure, and خَـٰشِعَةٌ is its predicate: their eyes will be humbled.
أَبْصَـٰرُهَا — their eyes
Grammar: أَبْصَـٰرُ is a nominative broken plural and مضاف. Attached هَا is a feminine singular possessive pronoun in the genitive position, referring to the hearts' owners.
خَـٰشِعَةٌۭ — humbled
Grammar: An indefinite feminine singular nominative active participle functioning as the predicate of أَبْصَـٰرُهَا; feminine singular agreement is used with a non-human plural.
10. Surah An-Nazi'at · Ayah 10
يَقُولُونَ أَءِنَّا لَمَرْدُودُونَ فِى ٱلْحَافِرَةِ
Ayah summary
The deniers asked in disbelief whether they would be restored to their former state after death.
Sentence structure
يَقُولُونَ introduces their incredulous question. Inside it, أَ is interrogative, إِنَّا has نَا as its noun, and لَمَرْدُودُونَ is its emphatic predicate; فِى ٱلْحَافِرَةِ is linked to that predicate.
يَقُولُونَ — they say
Grammar: A third-person masculine plural imperfect verb, indicative by retention of nūn; attached wāw is its subject.
أَءِنَّا — are we indeed?
Grammar: أَ is the interrogative hamzah. إِنَّ is a particle of emphasis, and attached نَا is its pronoun-noun in the accusative position.
لَمَرْدُودُونَ — surely to be returned
Grammar: لَ is the emphatic lām. مَرْدُودُونَ is a masculine sound plural passive participle, nominative as the predicate of إِنَّ.
فِى — to / in
Grammar: A preposition linked to مَرْدُودُونَ.
ٱلْحَافِرَةِ — the former state
Grammar: A definite feminine singular noun made genitive by فِى, idiomatically referring to return to the original state of life.