وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ وَنَهَى ٱلنَّفْسَ عَنِ ٱلْهَوَىٰ
Ayah summary
He feared standing before Allah for judgment and restrained the self from unlawful desire.
Sentence structure
وَأَمَّا opens the second branch. مَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ identifies the person who feared standing before his Lord, and وَنَهَى ٱلنَّفْسَ عَنِ ٱلْهَوَىٰ adds his restraint of the self. The response follows in ayah 41.
وَأَمَّا — But as for
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. أَمَّا is a particle of detailed division.
مَنْ — (him) who
Grammar: An indeclinable expression identifying “the one who”; خَافَ begins the description in this second أَمَّا branch.
خَافَ — feared
Grammar: A third-person masculine singular perfect verb completing the description of مَنْ.
مَقَامَ — standing
Grammar: accusative noun functioning as the object.
رَبِّهِۦ — (before) his Lord
Grammar: genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement. Attached هِۦ is a third-person masculine singular pronoun functioning as genitive complement.
وَنَهَى — and restrained
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. third-person masculine singular perfect verb; it is coordinated with the preceding verb.
ٱلنَّفْسَ — his soul
Grammar: ٱل is the definite article. accusative noun functioning as the object.
عَنِ — from
Grammar: عَنِ is a preposition; the resulting prepositional phrase is linked to its governing word.
ٱلْهَوَىٰ — the vain desires
Grammar: ٱلْ is the definite article. A genitive noun governed by the preceding preposition.