وَمَا تَشَآءُونَ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ
Sentence structure
The negative-exceptive construction limits human willing to Allah’s will. تَشَآءُونَ is an indicative verb of the five verbs: its penultimate و is the subject and final ن marks the indicative. يَشَآءَ is subjunctive after أَن, and ٱللَّهُ is its explicit subject.
Ayah summary
A person’s will becomes effective only when Allah, Lord of all worlds, wills.
وَمَا — And not
Grammar: وَ is a resumption particle. مَا is a non-jussive negative particle.
تَشَآءُونَ — you will
Grammar: A second-person masculine plural imperfect of the five verbs. The penultimate و is wāw al-jamāʿah and the subject; the final ن is the indicative marker of the five verbs.
إِلَّآ — except
Grammar: إِلَّآ is أداة حصر functioning as the حصر.
أَن — that
Grammar: أَن is a subordinating particle.
يَشَآءَ — wills
Grammar: A third-person masculine singular active imperfect, subjunctive after أَن.
ٱللَّهُ — Allah
Grammar: The proper name of Allah, nominative as the explicit subject of يَشَآءَ.
رَبُّ — Lord
Grammar: A nominative adjective or apposition to ٱللَّهُ; it is mudāf.
ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ — (of) the worlds
Grammar: ٱلْ is the definite article. genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement.