فَمَهِّلِ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ أَمْهِلْهُمْ رُوَيْدًۢا
Sentence structure
فَ resumes. مَهِّلِ is a Form II imperative with understood subject أَنْتَ, and ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ its object. أَمْهِلْهُمْ is a Form IV imperative with attached object هُمْ; رُوَيْدًۢا emphasizes the respite.
Ayah summary
The Prophet ﷺ is instructed to grant the deniers a brief respite and not hasten against them.
فَمَهِّلِ — So give respite
Grammar: فَ resumes; مَهِّلِ is a second-person masculine-singular Form II imperative with understood subject أَنْتَ. Its final kasra avoids two consonants meeting.
ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ — (to) the disbelievers
Grammar: ٱل is the definite article; كَـٰفِرِينَ is a masculine-plural active participle functioning as the object, accusative with yāʾ.
أَمْهِلْهُمْ — Give respite to them
Grammar: أَمْهِلْ is a second-person masculine-singular Form IV imperative with understood subject أَنْتَ; attached هُمْ is its third-person masculine-plural object.
رُوَيْدًۢا — little
Grammar: An indefinite accusative diminutive adjective standing in for an omitted cognate-accusative phrase; the understood sense is a slight respite.