Use this sequence: (1) preserve the natural emphasis of istiʿlāʾ letters; (2) for alif or the divine name’s lām, examine what precedes; (3) for rāʾ, check its own vowel or, if sākin, preceding vowel, temporary versus original kasrah, and any following istiʿlāʾ letter in the same word; (4) when stopping, consider the special final-rāʾ and rawm cases.
Practice طَالَ، بِاللّٰهِ، يَرْزُقُونَ، شِرْعَةً، قِرْطَاسٌ، خَيْرٌ، مَجْرَاهَا and explain the rule for each aloud.
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Practice: a reliable decision sequence
Tafkhīm and Tarqīq — Alif, Divine-Name Lām and Rāʾ
Use this sequence: (1) preserve the natural emphasis of istiʿlāʾ letters; (2) for alif or the divine name’s lām, examine what precedes; (3) for rāʾ, check its own vowel or, if sākin, preceding vowel, temporary versus original kasrah, and any following istiʿlāʾ letter in the same word; (4) when stopping, consider the special final-rāʾ and rawm cases.
Practice طَالَ، بِاللّٰهِ، يَرْزُقُونَ، شِرْعَةً، قِرْطَاسٌ، خَيْرٌ، مَجْرَاهَا and explain the rule for each aloud.