The fourth source is qiyas, legal analogy. It relates a new case to one with an established ruling when they share a legally relevant effective cause.
If a ruling rests on a particular feature, the presence of that feature in a new case may become the focus of analysis. Superficial resemblance alone does not make a valid analogy.
Its components and conditions appear later in the book. At this stage, qiyas is structured legal reasoning, not an unrestricted personal guess.
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Qiyas: reasoning by analogy
Definition, Subject and Objective of Usul al-Fiqh
The fourth source is qiyas, legal analogy. It relates a new case to one with an established ruling when they share a legally relevant effective cause.
If a ruling rests on a particular feature, the presence of that feature in a new case may become the focus of analysis. Superficial resemblance alone does not make a valid analogy.
Its components and conditions appear later in the book. At this stage, qiyas is structured legal reasoning, not an unrestricted personal guess.