LessonsLegal Cause, Effective Cause and ConditionQuiz

وقد يسمى غير السبب سبباً مجازاً كاليمين يسمى سبباً للكفارة.
Something that is not a technical cause may still be called a cause figuratively; an oath is sometimes called a cause of expiation.

Making an oath does not, by itself, immediately impose expiation in every case. Breaking the oath (ḥinth), subject to its own conditions, is central to the legal consequence. Calling the oath a “cause” here is therefore a qualified usage, not proof that every technical feature of a true sabab applies.

For example, an oath to refrain from an act does not require expiation merely because it was sworn and continues to be observed. The relevant legal position changes when it is violated.

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An oath called a cause only in a qualified sense

Legal Cause, Effective Cause and Condition

وقد يسمى غير السبب سبباً مجازاً كاليمين يسمى سبباً للكفارة.
Something that is not a technical cause may still be called a cause figuratively; an oath is sometimes called a cause of expiation.

Making an oath does not, by itself, immediately impose expiation in every case. Breaking the oath (ḥinth), subject to its own conditions, is central to the legal consequence. Calling the oath a “cause” here is therefore a qualified usage, not proof that every technical feature of a true sabab applies.

For example, an oath to refrain from an act does not require expiation merely because it was sworn and continues to be observed. The relevant legal position changes when it is violated.