«وعلى هذا: بطل استثناء الكل عن الكل؛ لأنه نسخ الحكم»
“Thus an exception of the entire whole is invalid because it would cancel the ruling.”
Example: “I owe ten dirhams except ten dirhams.” If the complete exception were accepted, the earlier admission would be entirely erased. This differs from a partial exception, which leaves a portion of the original undertaking operative.
«ولا يجوز الرجوع عن الإقرار والطلاق والعتاق»
“A mere retraction of an admission, divorce or emancipation is not permitted.”
The legal effect already established must be distinguished from a subsequent verbal denial. A legitimate explanation may still be considered where its conditions are satisfied, but a wish to extinguish the prior effect cannot simply be renamed a valid modification.