لَا يَحْتَمِلُ النَّقِيضَ
Does not allow the contradictory in the relevant established cognition.
A contradictory is not merely an alternative opinion. It directly denies the same proposition about the same subject, time, and respect. “This door is closed” is contradicted by “This door is not closed,” provided the reference and circumstances are the same.
Strong subjective confidence must not automatically be treated as genuine knowledge; people can be intensely convinced and still mistaken. The technical question is whether a definition that stresses exclusion of contradiction adequately covers all forms of knowing, including conceptions as well as certain judgments.