LessonsThe Universality of Divine Knowledge and Power: Classical ObjectionsQuiz

فَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ، وَعَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
He knows everything and has power over everything.

Knowledge encompasses what exists, what does not exist, and the status of necessary, possible and impossible propositions. Power relates to intrinsically possible realities—not to self-contradictions.

A thing's existence or nonexistence may be possible. But its existing and not existing at once in precisely the same respect is contradictory. Failure to actualize a contradiction is not incapacity.

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The different objects of knowing and power

The Universality of Divine Knowledge and Power: Classical Objections

فَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ، وَعَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
He knows everything and has power over everything.

Knowledge encompasses what exists, what does not exist, and the status of necessary, possible and impossible propositions. Power relates to intrinsically possible realities—not to self-contradictions.

A thing's existence or nonexistence may be possible. But its existing and not existing at once in precisely the same respect is contradictory. Failure to actualize a contradiction is not incapacity.