In “sa-aqḍī ḥājatī thumma attaqī ʿaduwwī,” thumma establishes the sequence: strike first, secure oneself afterward. Both main verbs are first-person singular imperfects; the first also bears the future prefix sa-.
Min warāʾī locates the force behind the speaker, while muljam evokes horses already bridled for action. The syntax conveys deliberation rather than a sudden, unplanned outburst.
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Zuhayr ibn Abī Sulmā: Ḥuṣayn ibn Ḍamḍam, Revenge and the Cost of Bloodshed (Verses 33–42)
In “sa-aqḍī ḥājatī thumma attaqī ʿaduwwī,” thumma establishes the sequence: strike first, secure oneself afterward. Both main verbs are first-person singular imperfects; the first also bears the future prefix sa-.
Min warāʾī locates the force behind the speaker, while muljam evokes horses already bridled for action. The syntax conveys deliberation rather than a sudden, unplanned outburst.