LessonsClassifying Metaphor by Its Terms and Common Feature: Concordance, Opposition and InclusionQuiz

إما داخل في مفهوم الطرفين
Or the common feature is internal to the concepts of both terms.

In this case, the linking meaning is not an accidental feature observed externally; it contributes to how the two activities or descriptions are conceived. Running and flying both involve covering a distance, and the discussion treats speed as relevant to their comparison.

By contrast, lions are commonly characterized as brave, but courage is not an essential constituent of the animal-kind, nor does the biological idea of lion enter the definition of a brave person. This distinction between an intrinsic conceptual element and an accompanying quality is crucial.

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What conceptual inclusion actually means

Classifying Metaphor by Its Terms and Common Feature: Concordance, Opposition and Inclusion

إما داخل في مفهوم الطرفين
Or the common feature is internal to the concepts of both terms.

In this case, the linking meaning is not an accidental feature observed externally; it contributes to how the two activities or descriptions are conceived. Running and flying both involve covering a distance, and the discussion treats speed as relevant to their comparison.

By contrast, lions are commonly characterized as brave, but courage is not an essential constituent of the animal-kind, nor does the biological idea of lion enter the definition of a brave person. This distinction between an intrinsic conceptual element and an accompanying quality is crucial.