LessonsClassifying Metaphor by Its Terms and Common Feature: Concordance, Opposition and InclusionQuiz

المستعار منه والمستعار له
The sense from which a word is borrowed and the sense for which it is borrowed.

Calling a person “dead” because the person lacks guidance involves literal death as the source concept and spiritual or moral deadness as the intended target. Unless these two meanings are identified, a claim about their coexistence is too vague to assess.

When a brave person is called a “lion,” the zoological lion supplies the model, while the human is the intended target. Their identities cannot be taken as one literal kind; nevertheless, the criterion of this classification concerns the relevant states and their relation, not merely the biological names.

Opening interactive controls...

Identifying the source and the target

Classifying Metaphor by Its Terms and Common Feature: Concordance, Opposition and Inclusion

المستعار منه والمستعار له
The sense from which a word is borrowed and the sense for which it is borrowed.

Calling a person “dead” because the person lacks guidance involves literal death as the source concept and spiritual or moral deadness as the intended target. Unless these two meanings are identified, a claim about their coexistence is too vague to assess.

When a brave person is called a “lion,” the zoological lion supplies the model, while the human is the intended target. Their identities cannot be taken as one literal kind; nevertheless, the criterion of this classification concerns the relevant states and their relation, not merely the biological names.