LessonsFinal Comprehensive Examination: Bayān, Badīʿ and Closing ArtsQuiz

مَا بِهِ قَتْلُ أَعَادِيهِ وَلَكِنْ يَتَّقِي إِخْلَافَ مَا تَرْجُو الذِّئَابُ
He kills enemies, fancifully, to avoid disappointing the hopes of wolves.

Ḥusn al-taʿlīl presents a fitting but fanciful cause instead of the actual one. Here the supposed expectation of wolves becomes the imaginative motivation for a warrior’s actions.

Calling this mere exaggeration fails to explain the substituted causal relation.

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Inventive explanation versus actual causation

Final Comprehensive Examination: Bayān, Badīʿ and Closing Arts

مَا بِهِ قَتْلُ أَعَادِيهِ وَلَكِنْ يَتَّقِي إِخْلَافَ مَا تَرْجُو الذِّئَابُ
He kills enemies, fancifully, to avoid disappointing the hopes of wolves.

Ḥusn al-taʿlīl presents a fitting but fanciful cause instead of the actual one. Here the supposed expectation of wolves becomes the imaginative motivation for a warrior’s actions.

Calling this mere exaggeration fails to explain the substituted causal relation.