LessonsʿIlm al-Badīʿ: Semantic Embellishments, Part IQuiz

«فَسَقَى الْغَضَا وَالسَّاكِنِيهِ وَإِنْ هُمْ شَبُّوهُ بَيْنَ جَوَانِحِي وَضُلُوعِي»
“May the ghaḍā trees and those dwelling there be watered, though they have kindled it between my ribs.”

Al-ghaḍā can denote the tree and, by association, the fire made from its wood. The earlier phrase concerns the tree or its place; shabbūhu turns the pronoun toward the sense of fire.

In istikhdām the reader must identify the two connected referents. A pronoun by itself is not enough to constitute the figure.

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A second construction of istikhdām

ʿIlm al-Badīʿ: Semantic Embellishments, Part I

«فَسَقَى الْغَضَا وَالسَّاكِنِيهِ وَإِنْ هُمْ شَبُّوهُ بَيْنَ جَوَانِحِي وَضُلُوعِي»
“May the ghaḍā trees and those dwelling there be watered, though they have kindled it between my ribs.”

Al-ghaḍā can denote the tree and, by association, the fire made from its wood. The earlier phrase concerns the tree or its place; shabbūhu turns the pronoun toward the sense of fire.

In istikhdām the reader must identify the two connected referents. A pronoun by itself is not enough to constitute the figure.