Error 1: Treating all nonverbal signs as nonconventional. A picture, color, or symbol can acquire its meaning through agreed usage.
Error 2: Calling every related concept “inclusion.” Taḍammun requires the indicated item to lie inside the established meaning. An external concomitant belongs to a different category.
Error 3: Treating any external association as implication. Iltizām requires the requisite kind of necessity, not mere habitual co-occurrence.
Error 4: Confusing clarity with truth. Being clearer or less clear concerns how readily the intended meaning is reached. Whether the resulting claim is true is a separate question.