LessonsIstiʿārah: Definition, Figurative Identification and the Linguistic–Intellectual DebateQuiz

كَقَوْلِهِ: لَدَيَّ أَسَدٌ
As in saying, “I have a lion.”

When the context indicates a human, the target is an actually perceivable individual. The source concept is the wild lion, and the intended target is a brave person. Courage is the common feature that warrants the transferred expression.

Three elements should be kept distinct:
Mustaʿār minhu — the lion as source.
Mustaʿār lahu — the brave human as target.
Qarīnah — evidence excluding the literal animal.

The effect is stronger than merely saying “brave”: the lion-image is deployed to intensify the description.

Opening interactive controls...

A metaphorical target accessible to perception

Istiʿārah: Definition, Figurative Identification and the Linguistic–Intellectual Debate

كَقَوْلِهِ: لَدَيَّ أَسَدٌ
As in saying, “I have a lion.”

When the context indicates a human, the target is an actually perceivable individual. The source concept is the wild lion, and the intended target is a brave person. Courage is the common feature that warrants the transferred expression.

Three elements should be kept distinct:
Mustaʿār minhu — the lion as source.
Mustaʿār lahu — the brave human as target.
Qarīnah — evidence excluding the literal animal.

The effect is stronger than merely saying “brave”: the lion-image is deployed to intensify the description.