LessonsMajāz Mursal and Istiʿārah: Non-similarity Relations and Their TypesQuiz

Two questions must be kept separate when analyzing a figure:
What is the relation? — which connection joins the original and intended senses?
What is the indicator? — what feature of the utterance steers us away from the ordinary literal interpretation?

In “raʿaynā al-ghayth,” rainfall causes vegetation: that is the relation. The verb “graze” indicates that the intended object is grass rather than rainwater.

By contrast, in “I saw a lion shooting,” resemblance in courage is the relation, while “shooting” is the indicator excluding the animal.

Relation and indicator perform different explanatory tasks.

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Contextual indicator is not the semantic relation

Majāz Mursal and Istiʿārah: Non-similarity Relations and Their Types

Two questions must be kept separate when analyzing a figure:
What is the relation? — which connection joins the original and intended senses?
What is the indicator? — what feature of the utterance steers us away from the ordinary literal interpretation?

In “raʿaynā al-ghayth,” rainfall causes vegetation: that is the relation. The verb “graze” indicates that the intended object is grass rather than rainwater.

By contrast, in “I saw a lion shooting,” resemblance in courage is the relation, while “shooting” is the indicator excluding the animal.

Relation and indicator perform different explanatory tasks.