LessonsOriginal and Dependent Metaphor: Generic Nouns, Verbs, Derivatives and ParticlesQuiz

Stage 1: The evidential force of circumstances is likened to the communication performed by actual speech.
Stage 2: The underlying notion of speaking is borrowed for that nonverbal manifestation of meaning.
Stage 3: The figurative action is then expressed in the past-tense form “naṭaqat” and predicated of the situation.

The verbal metaphor thus rests on an earlier consideration of the action-meaning, which is why it is termed dependent. Merely observing that “situations do not speak” misses the intellectual mechanism.

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The dependent transfer in two stages

Original and Dependent Metaphor: Generic Nouns, Verbs, Derivatives and Particles

Stage 1: The evidential force of circumstances is likened to the communication performed by actual speech.
Stage 2: The underlying notion of speaking is borrowed for that nonverbal manifestation of meaning.
Stage 3: The figurative action is then expressed in the past-tense form “naṭaqat” and predicated of the situation.

The verbal metaphor thus rests on an earlier consideration of the action-meaning, which is why it is termed dependent. Merely observing that “situations do not speak” misses the intellectual mechanism.