CategoryIdentifying feature
Common agreementWidely shared themes such as courage or generosity
Common mode of indicationConventional image such as lion or sea
Distinctive semantic takingTransfer of an unusual idea or construction
Naskh and intihālReplication of wording and arrangement with claimed authorship
Meaning retained with new wordingThe thought persists while expression changes
The central rule is that a form of borrowing cannot be identified until the precise locus of similarity has been determined.